| Title | Beyond Cavities: The Effects of Low-Level Fluoride Exposure in Childhood on Dental Health, Cognitive Ability, and Self-Esteem |
| Date | December 16, 2025 (Tuesday) 10:40-12:10 |
| Location | Hybrid (Room: Discussion room on the 12th floor, Building 3) |
| Abstract | While the effects of fluoride in drinking water on dental health and human capital remain central to public health debates, most existing evidence focuses on high dosages from artificial fluoridation. We estimate the causal impacts of childhood exposure to lower fluoride levels, exploiting quasi-exogenous variation in naturally occurring concentrations shaped by regional geology in Japan. Combining this variation with longitudinal survey data, nationally representative medical claims, and patient surveys, we provide comprehensive evidence on fluoride’s benefits. Even at low concentrations, fluoride substantially improves dental health in childhood and adolescence, with particularly strong effects for girls and children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. In contrast to concerns raised by studies of higher exposures, we find no adverse effects on cognitive performance or educational attainment. Importantly, fluoride exposure enhances self-esteem among girls, operating through improved appearance: fewer cavities reduce the likelihood of malocclusion and other visible dental issues. These improvements in dental aesthetics foster confidence and socio-emotional skills. Our findings highlight the benefits of fluoride in drinking water even in the setting of a well-developed healthcare system such as Japan’s, and underscore the role of oral health in shaping non-cognitive development. |
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| Note | Please register via the following URL for online participation: https://list-waseda-jp.zoom.us/meeting/register/hIWgc9TZRuidJu3w4mO9sQ |